Pramlintide molecular structure
Pramlintide molecular structure
Approved
🏋️Weight Loss

Pramlintide

Also known as: Symlin, Symlinpen, AC137

MW

3949.40 Da

Formula

C171H267N51O53S2

CAS

151126-32-8

Routes

1 route

Pramlintide (Symlin) is a synthetic analog of human amylin, a 37-amino acid peptide co-secreted with insulin from pancreatic beta cells. Three proline substitutions (at positions 25, 28, 29) prevent the amyloid fibril aggregation that plagues native amylin, making pramlintide suitable for pharmaceutical formulation while retaining full biological activity. FDA-approved in 2005 as an adjunct to mealtime insulin for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, pramlintide is the only amylin analog currently approved for clinical use. It reduces postprandial glucose excursions by 30-50% through gastric emptying delay, glucagon suppression, and satiety enhancement — addressing metabolic defects that insulin alone cannot correct.

Research Use Only— For educational and research purposes only

Research Applications

Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes (Approved)

FDA-approved as Symlin for adjunctive use with mealtime insulin. Reduces HbA1c by 0.3-0.6% with concurrent weight loss of 1-3 kg (unusual for diabetes medications which typically cause weight gain).

Weight Management

Pramlintide demonstrates consistent weight loss of 3-7% when combined with behavioral interventions. It was studied in combination with phentermine showing up to 11% weight loss.

Mechanism of Action

Pramlintide activates amylin receptors (calcitonin receptor + RAMP complexes) in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius. This produces three complementary effects: slowed gastric emptying (reducing the rate of glucose entry into circulation), suppression of postprandial glucagon secretion (reducing hepatic glucose output), and enhanced satiety signaling (reducing food intake). The net effect is significantly improved postprandial glucose control.

Biological Pathways

CTR/RAMP/cAMP brainstem signaling. Vagal efferent modulation of gastric motility. Area postrema-mediated glucagon suppression. NTS satiety integration.

Dosage Information

Typical dosage ranges for research applications. Always verify with current literature.
Typical Dose
60 mcg
Dose Range
15 - 120 mcg
Frequency
Before major meals; T1D: 15-60 mcg, T2D: 60-120 mcg
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Calculation Results

Concentration
2.5 mg/ml
Dose Volume
0.1 ml0.100 ml
Insulin Syringe
10 units
Doses per Vial
2020 doses @ 250 mcg

Syringe Fill Level (100u syringe)

05010010.0uunits
0u10.0 / 100 units (10%)100u

Protocols

No protocols featuring this peptide yet.

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Stability & Storage

Symlin pens store at 2-8°C. Once opened, store at room temperature (up to 25°C) or refrigerated for up to 30 days. Do not freeze. The proline substitutions prevent amyloid aggregation that would otherwise occur at physiological concentrations.

Side Effects & Precautions

Nausea is the most common side effect (30-50% initially), typically resolving over 2-4 weeks with gradual dose titration. Severe hypoglycemia can occur, particularly in type 1 diabetes — insulin dose reduction of 50% is recommended when initiating pramlintide. Anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain. Injection site reactions.

Research Use Only. This information is for educational and research purposes only. Not intended for medical advice or self-medication.

Regulatory Status

Approved

FDA-approved (2005) as Symlin for type 1 and type 2 diabetes as adjunct to insulin. Available as a pen injector. WADA status: not specifically prohibited.

Research Studies

Pramlintide as an Adjunct to Insulin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes

Hollander PA, Levy P, Fineman MS, et al.

Diabetes Care
2003
View Source

Pramlintide Reduces Postprandial Glucose in Type 1 Diabetes

Whitehouse F, Kruger DF, Fineman M, et al.

Diabetes Care
2002
View Source

Amylin Physiology and Pharmacology

Young A.

Advances in Pharmacology
2005
View Source
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